Understanding the rmd calculator
Once you reach age 73, the IRS requires you to withdraw a minimum amount each year from traditional IRAs and 401(k)s the government's way of finally collecting the deferred tax. The required minimum distribution (RMD) is your prior-year-end balance divided by a life-expectancy factor from the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table, which shrinks as you age, so the required percentage rises each year.
Missing an RMD triggers a steep penalty historically up to 25% of the shortfall so the deadline matters. Roth IRAs are exempt during the owner's lifetime, which is one reason retirees convert traditional balances to Roth before RMD age. You can always withdraw more than the minimum; the RMD is only the floor, not a cap.
Results are estimates for education only and are not financial advice.